英语单词born,borne用法及区别
这一对词都是bear的过去分词,又都能表示“出生”、“生孩子”的意思,但用法有所不同。
(一)born用作表语和定语时,意:“出生”、“出身”;borne作动词时,意:“生育”、“结出”。例:
I was born in 1933.我生于1933年。
We were born in/into a well-to-do family.我们出生于一个小康之家。
My mother has borne four children.我母亲生了4个孩子。
Has this tree borne fruit this year?这棵树今年是否结过果实?
(二)在主动语态的句子里,用borne,不用born。(见上例)
(三)在被动语态句里,如有介词by,用borne,不用born;如果没有by,便用born。例如:
Of all the children borne by her only one survives.
Of all the children born to her only one survives.她生了许多小孩,可是只有一个活着。
(四)born和borne都可用作定语(见(三)的两个例句)。borne一般作后置定语,born则既可后置,也可前置。见下例:
Mary is a born orator.玛丽是个天生的演说家。
(五)bear用作“支持”、“忍受”、“负担”、“结果实”等义时,其过去分词一律用borne,不用born。例:
I have borne with you till now.(忍受)
All the costs of the repairs will be borne by the company.(负担)
They were borne up by patriotism and determination.(支持)
(六)born的后面可以接形容词,也可以接副词。例:
She was born wise.
The baby was born easily.
(七)born of可以表达“出生于”,例:
She was born of rich parents.
有时亦可作“来源于”解,例:
Some people believe that crime is born of poverty.

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